What is an abstract?
The abstract is a short summary of the research work
presented in the research paper. It is usually one paragraph that summarizes
the major aspects of the research paper. The abstract allows the author to explain
the major aspects of the paper and helps readers to decide whether they want to
read the rest of the paper.
Parts of an abstract
The basic parts of an abstract for paper of any discipline
are,
1. The Problem Statement
2. Motivation for the problem – Statement for why is the
selected problem interesting.
3. Method / Procedure followed for the results.
4. Results / Findings- Statement for what is invented /
created / learnt.
5. Conclusion / Implication – Statement for what follows
from the obtained solution.
What to include in an abstract?
Although abstract is the first section of the paper but it
should be written last as it will summarize the contents of the entire paper. To
write effective abstract, reread the paper with the objective of abstracting in
mind. Look specifically for these main parts of the paper: purpose, methods,
scope, results, conclusions, and recommendation. Don't merely copy the key
sentences from the paper it will result in too much or too little information. Use
the active voice when possible, but note that most of the abstract may require
passive sentence constructions. Write concise and complete sentences to get to the
point quickly. Use past tense as the abstract is a report on the research that
has been completed.
What not to include in an abstract?
The abstract should not contain lengthy background
information, references to other literature [e.g. "current research shows
that..." or "studies have indicated..."], use of ellipticals
[i.e., ending with "..."] or incomplete sentences and abbreviations. It
is better to write about the research than about the paper. So, do not commence
with "this paper…”, "this report…" or similar. It should not
contain the explanation of the sections or parts of the paper. The abstract
should not include the repetition or rephrasing of the title.
Best Wishes,
Nidhika
Best Wishes,
Nidhika
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